Mikey, 88, teachers get in here...
Posted: Mon Apr 25, 2022 2:11 pm
Ok, so some guy came into our office las week and tried to get us to purchase large amounts of carbon offsets for all of our flights. I explained what we do and that he needed to be speaking to the owners of the jets we fill in on. He then pivoted to selling us offsets for just our seat on each flight. He said he could calculate it down to that level. I asked him for his math. I then compared that to Clear.eco which some have called the gold standard of offsetting your carbon footprint when traveling. Of course the guy was substantially higher. He couldn't explain that and the meeting ended soon after.
This got me thinking and I wondered how he and these other online sites calculate their number for offsets. So let's work thru an example and yall can peer review my work.
Short bus riders and those on ADHD meds should punch out now.
First off, let's look at a long flight where the majority of the fuel capacity will be consumed. This will allow us to assume all but the required reserve of fuel was consumed. For this flight, let's take the American Airlines Dallas to Hong Kong flight operated by one of their 777-300ERs.
This plane has the following seating arrangement:
First Class - 8 seats
Business Class - 52 seats
Premium Economy -28 seats
Main Cabin Extra - 28 seats
Economy - 188 seats
Source - https://seatguru.com/airlines/American_ ... 53bee88290
The plane has 47.890 gallon fuel capacity.
Source - https://aerocorner.com/aircraft/boeing- ... c687dfca57
Jet A is approx 81% carbon.
Source - Looking for a source for this knowledge. But since I don't yet have one I am going to assume all of the fuel weight is carbon.
Finally, I went to Clear.eco and put in the flight info for Dallas to Hong Kong. It offered the following offsets per seat by cabin type in tons of CO2:
First class - 8.15
Business - 5.91
Premium Economy - 3.26
Main Cabin Extra - 3.26
Economy - 2.04
Source - https://clear.eco/cart/
Ok, those are the baseline numbers. Now for some assumptions.
1) Let's assume that the flight consumes all but 5% of the fuel and that the tanks were full when it left Dallas.
= 47,890 gallons x .95% = 45,496 gallons of Jet A consumed.
2) Let's also assume that all of the fuel was completely combusted.
3) Let's also assume that all of the weight of the fuel is carbon. (Carbon is much heavier than Hydrogen and Oxygen which are also present in Jet A.)
= 45496 gallons of Jet A x 6.7 pounds per gallon = 304823 lbs of Jet A
Divide by 2000 lbs to get a weight in tons
=304823 divided by 2000 lbs = 153 tones rounded
So there are 153 tons of carbon in Jet A on the flight
Carbon atomic weight is 12.0107
Oxygen atomic weight is 15.9994
So each carbon goes from a pre combustion weight of 12.0107 to a post combustion weight of = 12.0107 + (15.9994 x 2) = 44.1058
So each carbon gets 3.6722 times heavier after combustion when it combines with Oxygen.
=44.1058 divided by 12.0107 = 3.6722 times heavier
So if we take the carbon weight of the Jet A uncombusted from our flight of 153 tons and multiply by 3.6722 that should be the offset we need to purchase to cover this flight.
= 153 tons x 3.6722 = 561.8466 tons to offset
But now go back to the gold standard of carbon offsetting for travel and add each of those offset values x the number of seats in that cabin.
First = 8 seats x 8.15 tons per seat = 65.2 tons
Business = 52 seats x 5.91 tons per seat = 307.32 tons
Premium Economy = 28 seats x 3.26 tons per seat = 91.28 tons
Main Cabin Extra = 28 seats x 3.26 tons per seat = 91.28 tons
Economy = 188 seats x 2.04 tons per seat = 383.52 tons
Add those and you get the following
= 65.2 + 307.32 + 91.28 + 91.28 + 383.52 = 938.6 tons
Why the difference?
=938.6 divided by 561.8466 = 1.67
Why are the offsets inflated by a factor of 1.67?
Any errors here that you can point out? Please do so. But these also clearly lean towards the offset sites number in the assumptions I have made.
This got me thinking and I wondered how he and these other online sites calculate their number for offsets. So let's work thru an example and yall can peer review my work.
Short bus riders and those on ADHD meds should punch out now.
First off, let's look at a long flight where the majority of the fuel capacity will be consumed. This will allow us to assume all but the required reserve of fuel was consumed. For this flight, let's take the American Airlines Dallas to Hong Kong flight operated by one of their 777-300ERs.
This plane has the following seating arrangement:
First Class - 8 seats
Business Class - 52 seats
Premium Economy -28 seats
Main Cabin Extra - 28 seats
Economy - 188 seats
Source - https://seatguru.com/airlines/American_ ... 53bee88290
The plane has 47.890 gallon fuel capacity.
Source - https://aerocorner.com/aircraft/boeing- ... c687dfca57
Jet A is approx 81% carbon.
Source - Looking for a source for this knowledge. But since I don't yet have one I am going to assume all of the fuel weight is carbon.
Finally, I went to Clear.eco and put in the flight info for Dallas to Hong Kong. It offered the following offsets per seat by cabin type in tons of CO2:
First class - 8.15
Business - 5.91
Premium Economy - 3.26
Main Cabin Extra - 3.26
Economy - 2.04
Source - https://clear.eco/cart/
Ok, those are the baseline numbers. Now for some assumptions.
1) Let's assume that the flight consumes all but 5% of the fuel and that the tanks were full when it left Dallas.
= 47,890 gallons x .95% = 45,496 gallons of Jet A consumed.
2) Let's also assume that all of the fuel was completely combusted.
3) Let's also assume that all of the weight of the fuel is carbon. (Carbon is much heavier than Hydrogen and Oxygen which are also present in Jet A.)
= 45496 gallons of Jet A x 6.7 pounds per gallon = 304823 lbs of Jet A
Divide by 2000 lbs to get a weight in tons
=304823 divided by 2000 lbs = 153 tones rounded
So there are 153 tons of carbon in Jet A on the flight
Carbon atomic weight is 12.0107
Oxygen atomic weight is 15.9994
So each carbon goes from a pre combustion weight of 12.0107 to a post combustion weight of = 12.0107 + (15.9994 x 2) = 44.1058
So each carbon gets 3.6722 times heavier after combustion when it combines with Oxygen.
=44.1058 divided by 12.0107 = 3.6722 times heavier
So if we take the carbon weight of the Jet A uncombusted from our flight of 153 tons and multiply by 3.6722 that should be the offset we need to purchase to cover this flight.
= 153 tons x 3.6722 = 561.8466 tons to offset
But now go back to the gold standard of carbon offsetting for travel and add each of those offset values x the number of seats in that cabin.
First = 8 seats x 8.15 tons per seat = 65.2 tons
Business = 52 seats x 5.91 tons per seat = 307.32 tons
Premium Economy = 28 seats x 3.26 tons per seat = 91.28 tons
Main Cabin Extra = 28 seats x 3.26 tons per seat = 91.28 tons
Economy = 188 seats x 2.04 tons per seat = 383.52 tons
Add those and you get the following
= 65.2 + 307.32 + 91.28 + 91.28 + 383.52 = 938.6 tons
Why the difference?
=938.6 divided by 561.8466 = 1.67
Why are the offsets inflated by a factor of 1.67?
Any errors here that you can point out? Please do so. But these also clearly lean towards the offset sites number in the assumptions I have made.