T1B

Not sure about officiating protocols in volleyball. Control of fan behavior is usually the job of the home team's athletic director or their representative, could be the coach. I've had a couple incidents where I thought a fan was getting abusive, not racist. I brought it to the attention of the home coach and they took care of it. Once I was accosted by a fan (a disgruntled parent I think) as I was going to my car after a softball game. I called the school AD and they banned him from their games. After football games our crew typically had to walk through crowds to get to the locker room. I was always on the alert for someone who might try to do any of us bodily harm. Maybe being a fairly big guy might have discouraged that from happening.
Sport's officials often have a target on their backs. I guess there will always be assholes who act up.